The SATA interface.
SATA interface is now the largest number of users of the interface,SATA interface has a strong error correction ability, simple interface, so the number of users is large
IDE interface, in fact, IDE is on behalf of a hard disk type, this interface hard disk has been eliminated in the changes of The Times
SCSI interface,SCSI interface hard disk is not used for ordinary PC computers, widely used in small machines high-speed data transmission,SCSI is mainly due to the original IDE interface disk speed is relatively low, transmission efficiency is relatively slow. SCSI disks work independently of the system bus, so its biggest advantage is the low system occupancy, of course, it also has some advantages, high speed, fast transmission rate, more stable. But there are also some disadvantages, the price is high, installation is not as convenient as IDE.
FC disks are disks that use the FiberChannel Arbitrated Loop (FC-AL) interface mode. The interface uses a 40-pin signal definition.
Fibre Channel hard disk interfaces, specifically designed for networks, are gradually applied to hard disks as operating systems demand hard disk speeds
SAS interface: Serial Attached SCSI (SAS) interface. This interface is mainly to improve the storage operating system efficiency, provide availability and expansibility, and compatibility with serial ATA disks.
M.2 interface is a new generation of interface standard tailored for ultrabook. It is a hard disk interface with extremely fast transmission speed, which has gradually become the mainstream.
SATA interface and IDE interface hard disk reader, can be converted to an external usb interface to connect to read hard disk data.
IDE (Integrated DriveElectronics) interface is a disk interface that has been widely used in personal computers. It uses the parallel data transmission method, and the interface volume is relatively large. The IDE bus is a shared bus, and to increase the number of devices on an IDE bus, each IDE bus can support two devices, one master device and one slave device.
IDE interface has two data transfer modes, one is PIO (ProgrammingIO); The other is DMA mode. In the era when the amount of data transfer is not very large, DMA is not as efficient as PIO because it needs to constantly configure the DMA controller. However, due to the demand of high performance data transmission, DMA has finally come into full play. At first, the DMA data transfer mode of the IDE used a simple haploid mode, that is, only one bus data transfer operation occurred in a clock cycle. Later, the IDE bus introduced UDMA (Ultra DMA) data transfer mode, in which data is transferred on both rising and falling edges within a clock cycle, thus doubling the transmission efficiency. This data transmission mode is also known as dual - edge data transmission mode. The idea is similar to that of an in-memory DDR.
The ATA disk control protocol runs on top of the IDE interface, so this interface is often referred to as PATA (Parallel ATA). PATA has a variety of interface standards ATA1 to ATA7 for different access performance and features. Among them, ATA7 achieves nearly 133MB/s bandwidth. Due to the interference between parallel signals, the sampling of parallel signals will have a very large phase error, which leads to a serious bottleneck in IDE interface performance improvement.
The ATA disk control protocol runs on top of the IDE interface, so this interface is often referred to as PATA (Parallel ATA). PATA has a variety of interface standards ATA1 to ATA7 for different access performance and features. Among them, ATA7 achieves nearly 133MB/s bandwidth. Due to the interference between parallel signals, the sampling of parallel signals will have a very large phase error, which leads to a serious bottleneck in IDE interface performance improvement.
SCSI interfaces are usually used in server hard disks because they provide better transport performance than ides. Hard disks with this interface have better stability and faster performance. But the price will be much more expensive than IDE hard disk.
The core difference between a SCSI hard drive and an IDE hard drive is not the interface. As disks for enterprise applications, SCSI disks require high data access performance. Therefore, SCSI disks have higher disk speed. Once the speed increases, the temperature of the platter will increase, and at the same time, the difficulty of locating the track will increase. Therefore, SCSI and other enterprise disks are very different from ordinary disks in terms of disk materials, disk control, and data error correction, resulting in higher stability and performance of enterprise disks.
The SCSI physical bus interface is no longer used on hard disks, but the application layer protocol (SCSI command set) developed on the SCSI bus technology is still preserved and is inherited by the SAS interconnection network.
